Cold Storage Lighting Design Solution
The term "cold storage" describes the use of artificial measures to produce a climate with different humidity or temperature than the ambient one. It serves as a consistent temperature and humidity storage container for a variety of products, including food, liquids, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, vaccinations, and scientific research. The location of cold storage is often close to the shipping port or the point of origin. Cold storage has a bigger cooling surface and uses the same cooling technology as refrigerators.
Part 1: Cold storage equipment's chemical makeup
General cold storage is typically cooled by a refrigerator, which uses a liquid coolant (such as ammonia or freon) with very low temperature gasification as its coolant. Under low pressure and mechanical control, the liquid coolant evaporates, absorbing the heat in the storage to achieve its cooling objective. The compression refrigerator, which primarily consists of a compressor, condenser, throttle valve, and evaporation tube, is the kind that is most frequently employed. It may be separated into two types, direct cooling and indirect cooling, depending on how the evaporation tube device is used. One-way cooling The refrigerated warehouse has the evaporation tube installed. The liquid coolant instantly absorbs the heat in the warehouse as it travels down the evaporation tube and cools. The air is drawn from the warehouse by the blower into the air conditioning device, where it is circulated in the evaporation tube after being heated, and then fed back into the warehouse to cool. Rapid cooling, consistent storage temperatures, and the ability to remove hazardous gases like carbon dioxide created during storage are all benefits of air cooling.
Part 2: Uses and specifications for cold storage lighting
Low temperature, high moisture content, and the freezing phenomenon are the main characteristics of cold storage, so the cold storage lamp must also be used in accordance with the standard protection level. However, because of the unique application environment, the cold storage lamp's long-term life is too short, making it difficult to maintain the high cost of the problem, whether it be the use of low luminous efficiency, short life incandescent lam.
The electrical lighting system of cold storage is clearly outlined in the Cold Storage Design Specification by each state, and its contents are as follows:
Lighting in a chilly room should be provided by damp-proof incandescent bulbs with enclosure protection level IP54 and protective covers. Cooling rooms, cold bonding rooms, refrigerating rooms, ice storage rooms, and hallways should all have at least 20 lx of lighting. Processing rooms and packing rooms should have at least 50 lx of illumination.
The top row pipe and ceiling type air cooler should not be used in the placement of lighting fixtures in the cold room. Instead, the key lights should be dispersed across the warehouse's corridor, and the lights can be uniformly distributed throughout the cargo area.
According to the "Explosion and Cold storage design and Installation Code" regulations, the ammonia compression room and equipment room are considered hazardous locations since the refrigeration system employs ammonia as the refrigerant, which is poisonous and has an explosive risk.
Air is heavier than ammonia gas. Ammonia gas will build up in the top area of the ammonia compressor room in the case of an ammonia leakage disaster. Therefore, in locations where there is a risk of explosion, lighting fixtures should be chosen and wired in compliance with the requirements of the applicable rules.
The cold storage bulb also has an excellent waterproof level and must meet the IP65 waterproof standard (i.e., it can totally block the entry of dust while having no impact on low-pressure rain spraying from any angle). Cold storage lights must be able to withstand grid interference as Celsius is an industrial-grade product according to the specifications of electrical components.
Part 3: Errors in the use of typical cold storage lighting
The majority of cold storage lights in the past were incandescent, energy-saving, standard explosion-proof, etc. In some emergency storage environments with ultra-low temperatures and quick-freezing temperatures, many traditional lights are vulnerable to explosion and damage. Common lights also produce a lot of heat and have a high temperature. Long-term usage has the potential to pollute, degrade food, and jeopardize food safety. The original device will corrode if an ordinary lamp is exposed to moisture, thus the unique LED cold storage goods treat the inside of the lamp with a comprehensive spectrum of multi-layer sealing techniques.
Ordinary cold storage lamps typically last 50–60 days in a cold storage environment that is wet and low in temperature. Good quality LED cold storage special lights have a lifespan of 3–5 years, which not only significantly improves life but also significantly reduces the safety risks associated with wet short circuits.
BENWEI provides "waterproof," "dust-proof," and "low temperature resistance" LED cold storage lights for several projects. It acquired complete certification for use in hazardous locations, including IECEx ATEX, UL844, and CNEx, which permits operation in environments with dust explosions.
Part 4: Requirements for the design of cold storage lighting
For the standard lighting layout
The recommended lighting scheme is 50–75 lx.
choice of bulbs
Equipment room and the ammonia compression chamber Be sure to use lighting that is explosion-proof.
Lighting control switches should be installed centrally in the control room or be of the flameproof variety.
Lamp installation technique
The typical machine room height is greater than 6 meters, and numerous process pipes are suspended over the ceiling. Therefore, if the equipment room's width is less than 7m, installing wall lighting is advised. The equipment room is wider than 10 meters. Steel wires should be used to suspend the lamps.
The lighting line must be installed within the steel pipe using copper-core insulated wire with a minimum 1.5mm2 cross section. The standards for installation are the same as those for electricity wiring. Protective grounding wires for lighting fixtures made of metal are acceptable.
Designing emergency lights
Emergency lighting must be installed in order to ensure safe production and ongoing operation of cold storage design and installation personnel can perform necessary operations and disposal of refrigeration equipment and related valves when the normal working lighting power supply of the ammonia compression room and equipment room fails and goes out. The following design and installation specifications apply to cold storage:
Power source selection for emergency lights
The power supplies for working lighting and emergency lighting should be linked from separate low-voltage distribution circuits. The main switch of the working lighting power supply is linked to the emergency lighting power supply when the circumstances don't allow it. But a master switch cannot be shared.
When the primary power source fails, it shouldn't take more than 15 seconds to switch to the backup power source. When using storage battery-powered, explosion-proof emergency lighting fixtures, the continuous power supply period should not be less than 30 minutes.
Part 5: Advice on choosing cold storage lights
The power of the lamp, the area of irradiation, the voltage, the material, the degree of waterproofing, the temperature and humidity, and other factors are typically taken into consideration when selecting a cold storage lamp. However, no matter how these factors are taken into consideration, the cold storage lamp must be low temperature resistant, waterproof, dustproof, and crack proof; otherwise, the life is very short. The following are some common use scenarios for cold storage lamps:
Suction ceiling light for cold storage that is air-cooled
1. Air-cooled cold storage is a good fit for suction ceiling lights. Small cold storage units may often be placed at 10 to 30W. Round, oval, rectangular, square, etc., are typical forms.
2. Cold storage lamp made of aluminum
Suspender cold storage light is ideal for the aluminum bank. The usual length of this type of aluminum bank suspender is 20 cm, but the length may be altered to meet the needs of the client. Long, square, and round are the three forms, and they are all 30W.
3. The cold storage light is penetrated by the suction top height.
The clear cover cold storage light has excellent penetration, making it ideal for cold storage facilities with high levels of humidity and fog, particularly those with medium and low temperatures.
4. Light in the cold storage manufacturing room
Cold storage lamps typically come in two varieties: milk white cover and transparent cover. Milk white cover is less dazzling but does not penetrate as well as transparent cover cold storage lamps. This type of light is more than enough since it illuminates a large area, provides abundant light, covers many corners, has a long lifespan, and has substantially less bulb failure after a few years than a regular light source.
5. Floodlight for cold storage
Cold storage floodlight features a very thick glass mask that is difficult to damage, high light transmittance, uniform light, and soft light. It also has a high-quality die cast aluminum forging that is difficult to deform, corrosion resistance from spray paint treatment, and an adjustable bracket that can be used to change the light's angle as needed. However, the cold storage light must be "low temperature resistant, waterproof, dustproof, and crack proof" regardless of your choice. Specialty areas must have explosion-proof lighting, else there would be significant safety issues.
