Loss of power in a public building, whether caused by an earthquake, fire, or someone tripping over a cable, can cause panic, make escape more difficult, and eventually result in fatalities. For a variety of reasons, from actual danger to misguided panic, failing to find an exit can be disastrous.
As a result, all buildings intended for public use are required by law to have emergency lighting, which will turn on in the case of a power outage (for whatever reason) and direct residents to the closest emergency exit. There are two primary types of emergency lighting: maintained and non-kept. What is the difference between the two, and why should it matter to you?
Non-Maintained Emergency Lighting
The sole purpose of poorly maintained emergency lighting is to activate in the event that a building's main power supply fails. These lights are connected to a battery and the building's lighting circuits; they don't turn on when the main supply is functioning normally and only do so when it runs out. These luminaires come in a variety of shapes and sizes, ranging from tiny, lower-wattage pin lights that shine just enough light to show exits to illuminated signs that indicate emergency exits and glow in the event of a power outage.
This type of illumination is typically found in places like offices, factories, and other workspaces where the people who work there are already accustomed to their surroundings.
Maintained Emergency Lighting
In addition to performing the same functions as its unmaintained sibling, kept emergency lighting also serves as the principal source of illumination for a facility. When access to the mains is lost, it switches to a rechargeable battery, which is likewise powered by the mains. This is essentially a light that never goes out.
This type of lighting is utilized in places like shopping malls, movie theaters, and other public spaces where people may not always know where they're going and will need to be led to the closest exit by well-lit paths.
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