Importance of light for laying hens
In general, light may impact a number of physiological and behavioral processes in hens, including reproductive behaviors, egg production, and melatonin release. The most essential component is the length of light exposure, which is generally referred to as photoperiod. Photoperiod impacts the circadian rhythm, or the normal biological 24-hour cycle, of hens, which governs their physiological functions, including as development, metabolism, and reproduction.
One of the important parameters that determine chickens' egg production is the photoperiod length. Research has indicated that the ideal photoperiod for laying hens varies from 14 to 16 hours of light each day. When chickens are exposed to fewer than 14 hours of light, their egg production declines, and their reproductive cycles may become disturbed. Conversely, when chickens are exposed to more than 16 hours of light, they may get stressed, which may severely influence their health and egg production.
The quality of light
It is better to expose chickens to natural sunshine since it offers a whole range of light wavelengths, which are essential for meeting their physiological and psychological requirements. The spectrum of light that is produced by artificial light should be similar to that of natural sunshine. This spectrum should contain wavelengths of blue, green, and red light, and the intensity levels should change throughout the day to replicate dawn and twilight. Egg laying hen light of a high quality not only satisfies the physiological requirements of hens, but it also helps to alleviate stress, enhances eyesight, and decreases the occurrence of deviant behaviors such as cannibalism and feather pecking.
For laying hens, the time of the light exposure is another key part of light management that must be taken into consideration. By beginning the light cycle before dawn, it is possible to create an effect similar to that of a natural sunrise. The light intensity should then be steadily increased until it reaches its highest point throughout the day. In a similar manner, the light should be progressively decreased around dusk in order to replicate a sunset that occurs naturally. The progressive shift in light intensity is necessary in order to provide hens with the opportunity to gradually acclimate to the changes in light and to ensure that their circadian rhythm is maintained.
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